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AUTHOR:  Chinard,  Gilbe 

TITLFi  Handbook  of  Fng 

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PUBLISHED  BY  THE 

j  SCHOOL  OF  MILITARY  AERONAUTICS 

UNIVERSITY  OF  CALIFORNIA 
BERKELEY 


HANDBOOK 

OF 

ENGLISH  AND  FRENCH  TERMS 

FOR   THE   USE   OF 

MILITARY  AVIATORS 


BY 

GILBERT    CHINARD,  LesL. 

Professor    of   French,   University   of    California 

and 
EARLE    RAYMOND    HEDRICK 

Professor  of  Mathematics,  University  of  Missouri 


UNIVERSITY  OF  CALIFORNIA  PRESS 
BERKELEY 

1917 


\ 


h 


COPYRIGHT,    1917 
BY 

Gilbert  Chinard 

AND 

Earle  Raymond  Hedrick 
2nd  edition 


PREFACE 

The  compilation  of  this  little  book  was  undertaken  by 
Professor  Chinard  as  a  service  W'the  School  of  Military  Aero- 
nautics at  the  University  of  California.  It  is  published  by  the 
school  for  distribution  to  its  students  with  the  hope  that  it  will 
make  it  possible  for  a  pilot  descending  among  Frenchmen  to 
make  himself  understood,  both  in  asking  for  needed  things  and 
in  explaining  difficulties  that  he  may  have  encountered.  The 
text  has  been  made  as  brief  as  possible,  and  every  effort  has 
been  extended  to  render  all  the  information  in  the  book  readily 
accessible.  The  technical  character  of  the  subject  matter  ren- 
ders it  highly  probable  that  errors  exist.  These  will  be  gladly 
corrected  in  the  next  edition  if  notification  is  sent  to  the  school. 

Many  thanks  are  due  to  Dr.  E.  R.  Hedrick,  Professor  of 
Mathematics  of  the  University  of  Missouri,  for  his  valuable  aid 
in  the  compilation  and  arrangement  of  the  material.  The 
subject  matter  is  difP  ,ult  and  the  sources  of  information  un- 
certain, which  have  rendered  the  task  the  more  difficult. 

B.  M.  Woods, 
Approved  for  publication:  Dean  of  the  School. 

A.  N.  Krogstad,  Major,  U.  S.  A., 
Commandant, 

Berkeley,  July,  1917. 


CONTENTS  page 

1.  Numbers  5 

2.  Metric  System   6 

3.  Money  8 

4.  Time  9 

5.  Airplane  11 

6.  Motor  14 

7.  Machine    Gun   18 

8.  Tools   and   Equipment 19 

9.  Landmarks 21 

10.  Surveying    24 

11.  Army    26 

12.  Provisions 29 

13.  Wounded   30 

14.  General   Vocabulary    32 


36§l003 


PRONUNCIATION 

A  and  i  sound  as  in  animal;  ai,  ei,  e,  e,  e,  e  followed  by 
one  or  two  consonants  like  a  in  prepare;  e  mute  or  silent, 
printed  thus  (e)  is  hardly  sounded,  but  the  letter  that  pre- 
cedes it  is  always  sounded.  E  written  thus  (e)  has  always 
the  sound  of  the  English  a.  A  vowel  followed  by  n  has 
usually  a  nasal  sound.  The  vowel  u,  written  thus  (ii)  does 
not  exist  in  English;  purse  the  lips  and  try  to  pronounce 
u  separately  in  utmost  or  utter;  au  is  pronounced  like  o  in 
cod;  ou  like  oo  in  poor;  que  is  equivalent  to  k. 

All  silent  letters  are  printed  in  light-face  type,  thus:  (n), 
(t),  (r) ;  they  should  not  be  pronounced  at  all,  except  (e) 
mute  or  silent,  the  sound  of  which  has  been  indicated  above. 

The  French  words  carry  a  slight,  but  perceptible  accent 
upon  the  last  syllable,  or  rather  vowel.  Try  to  give  the  same 
value  to  all  the  syllables,  and  never  drop  the  last. 

Familiarize  yourself  in  advance  with  the  divisions  of  the 
book.  Do  not  try  to  make  sentences.  If  you  are  not 
understood,  point  out  the  word  in  your  book,  and  have  some 
one  write  the  answer. 

I  cannot  understand  what  you  say,  je  ne  comprends  pas. 
How  do  you  do?  bonjour.  Thank  you,  merci.  Please,  s'il 
vous  plait.     Yes,  oui,  pronounced  like  we  in  English. 

N.B. — Merci  means  also,  No,  thank  you;  if  you  are  of- 
fered something  and  wish  to  accept  it,  say,  Oui,  s'il  vous  plait. 

Attention  is  called  to  the  fact  that  the  French  frequently 
write  the  numerals  1,  4,  5,  7  as  in  the  following  figure. 


FRENCH  AND  ENGLISH  NUMERALS 


French 

English 

7 

/ 

<# 

^ 

J 

JT 

? 

7 

[4] 


1.  NUMBERS— NOMBRES 


1 

un 

70 

soixante-dix 

2 

deux 

71 

soixante-et-onze 

3 

trois 

80 

quatre-vingt 

4 

quatre 

81 

quatre-vingt  un 

5 

cinq 

90 

quatre-vingt-dix 

6 

six  (like  cease) 

91 

quatre-vingt-onze 

7 

sept 

100 

cent 

8 

hiiit 

101 

cent  un 

9 

neuf 

200 

deux  cent 

10 

dix 

201 

deux  cent  un 

11 

onze 

1000 

mille 

12 

douse 

1100 

onze  cent 

13 

treize 

2000 

deux  mille 

14 

quatorze 

15 

quinze 

Vt 

un  demi 

Vs 

un  tiers 

16 

seize 

Va 

un  quart 

17 

dix-sept 

Vs 

un  huitieme 

18 

dix-huit 

Ho 

un  dixieme 

19 

dix-neuf 

20 

vingt 

first 

premier 

second 

second 

21 

vingt-et-un 

third 

troisieme,  etc. 

22 

vingt-deux 

and  so 

on,  adding  ieme  to  the 

30 

trente 

cardinal  number 

31 

trente-et-un 

40 

quarante 

N.B.- 

-From  60   to   100   the 

French 

numbers  resemble  the 

41 

quarante-et-un 

old   English   count   by   scores. 

50 

cinquante 

Thus,  90,  four  score  and  ten,  is 

51 

ciquante-et-un 

quatre-vingt-dix. 

60 

soixante 

once 

une  fois 

61 

soixante-et-un 

twice 

[5] 

deux  fois;  etc. 

2.  METRIC  SYSTEM— SYSTeME  MeTRIQUE 

Length — longueurs:  The  unit  is  the  meter  or  metre, 
divided  into  100  (cent)  centimetres,  each  centimetre  being 
divided  into  10  millimetres.  1  metre  =  39.37  inches;  1  mile 
=  1609.30  metres;  1  in.  =  2.54  cm.;  1  sq.  in.  =  6.452  so.,  cm.; 
1  cu.  in.  =  16.387  cu.  cm.  (See  cut,  p.  11).  The  kilometre 
being  1000  metres,  it  can  be  said  that  2  miles  equal  3 
kilometres,  approximately. 

Calibres  and  diameters  are  usually  expressed  in  milli- 
meters; for  example  the  French  field  gun,  whose  bore  is  75 
mm.,  is  called  "le  soixante-quinze. " 

Liquid  and  dry  measures — mesiires:  the  unit  is  the 
litre.  1  quart  =  1  litre  nearly,  or  .94636  exactly.  1  pint  =  y2 
litre,  un  demi  litre.  iy2  Pint  =  *4>  un  quart,  or  un  quart  de 
litre. 

N.B. — 1  quart  is  thus  equivalent  to  4  French  quarts. 

Weights — poids:  the  unit  is  the  kilogramme,  or  1000 
grammes.  1  kilogramme  =  2y5  English  pounds  nearly,  or 
2.20462  pounds  exactly.  1  pound  =  453  grammes  nearly,  or 
453.359  grammes  exactly.  1  ounce  =  28  grammes  nearly,  or 
28.3495  grammes  exactly.  The  French  pound  or  livre,  though 
not  an  official  measure,  is  often  used. 

Degrees — degres:  Angles  are  read  in  minutes  and  seconds, 
as  in  English. 

Temperature — temperature:  Only  the  centigrade  ther- 
mometer is  used.     (See  cut,  p.  9). 

Pressure:  Barometers,  gauges,  etc.,  are  read  in  kilo- 
grammes, centimetres,  and  millimetres. 

The  divisions  and  multiples  used  in  the  metric  system 
are  as  follows: 

unit     =  1  unit,  e.g.,  meter.  unit    =  1 

deca-  =  10  units,  e.g.,  decameter.         deci-  =  1/10 

hecto-=  100  units,  e.g.,  hectometer.      centi-=  1/100 

kilo-    =  1000  units,  e.g.,  kilometer.      milli-  =  1/1000 

[6] 


length 

//v. 


CAT 

O    — 


3   — i 
+   - 


6  - 

7  — \ 

8  — iz 


0.0 


ou5- 


/.o 


A^ 


2.o 


S   -^ 


iO 


2.S* 


SO 


3.S 


+.o 


&oo— 

/90- 

/OO 

__     SO/4./A/G 

SO 

/3e-~ 

/70— 

—  So 

/eo— 

—  7° 

/*fo— 



/■&o 

6o 

/JO- 

/eo— 

—  *SO 

//O— 

/GO- 

—  +o 

SO— 

ao- 

—  3o 

70- 

—  20 

eo— 

— 

i&O-J 

fO 

-to_ 

32 , 

o 

9Z£cr^ 

**/Z££-z./asg 

/O— 

—  -/O 

O— 

-/o— 

2o 

~2o-^ 

—  -30 

so— 

fT~  ^2 

+  JLC 

%5" 

g^^-g^J 


[7] 


3.  MONEY— MONNAIES 

The  unit  is  the  franc  (frs.),  about  20  cents.  The  franc 
is  divided  into  100  centimes,  but  the  smallest  denomination 
commonly  used  is  5  centimes,  about  1  cent.  The  word  sou 
(5  centimes)  is  often  used  popularly. 

1  cent   =un  sou,  or  cinq  centimes  (0,05). 

2  cents  =  deux  sous,  or  dix  centimes  (0,10). 

5  cents  =  cinq,  sous,  or  vingt-cinq  centimes   (0,25). 

10  cents  =  dix  sous,  or  cinquante  centimes  (0,50) . 

20  cents  =  vingt  sous,  or  un  franc  (1  frs.). 

25  cents  —  un  franc  vingt-cinq  (1,25). 

50  cents  =  deux  francs  cinquante  (2,50). 

$1.00  =  cinq  francs  (5  frcs.). 

The  French  currency  is  as  follows:  le  sou,  1  cent  (cop- 
per) ;  le  gros  sou,  or  decime,  2  cents  (copper) ;  cinq  sous,  or 
vingt-cinq  centimes,  5  cents  (nickel) ;  dix  sous,  or  cinquante 
centimes,  10  cents  (silver);  vingt  sous,  or  un  franc,  20  cents 
(silver);  deux  francs,  40  cents  (silver);  cinq  francs,  $1.00 
(silver  or  paper);  10  francs,  $2.00  (paper);  20  francs,  $4.00 
(paper);  50  francs  $10.00  (paper);  100  francs,  $20.00  (paper), 
(paper). 

Caution:  Bills  under  5  francs  have  been  recently  issued 
in  certain  parts  of  France,  owing  to  the  shortage  of  silver 
coins.  They  are  not  legal  tender  throughout  France  and  can 
be  used  only  locally.  A  soldier  should  not  accept  these 
unless  he  is  to  remain  in  the  same  place  for  some  time. 

1  pound  English  =  $5.00  approximately. 

1  shilling  =  25c. 

I  cannot  take  paper.    Donnez-moi  des  pieces. 

How  much  is  it?    Combien? 

Too  dear.     Trop  cher. 

Cheap.    Bon  marche. 

Can  you  make  change?    Avez-vous  la  monnaie? 

This  is  not  the  right  change.    Ce  n'est  pas  le  compte. 


[8] 


4.  TIME— LE  TEMPS— L'HEURE 

Railroad  and  official  time:    The  "day  is  divided  into  24 
hours,  beginning  at  12  p.m. 

1  a.m.  is     1  heure  (une  heure). 

2  a.m.  is    2  heures  (deux  heures). 

3  a.m.  is     3  heures   (trois  heures). 

12  (noon)  is  12  heures  (douze  heures)  or  midi. 

1  p.m.  is  13  heures  (treize  heures). 

2  p.m.  is  14  heures   (quatorze  heures). 

3  p.m.  is  15  heures  (quinze  heures). 

11  p.m.  is  23  heures   (vingt-trois  heures). 
Midnight,  minuit. 
However,  everybody  is  still  familiar  with  the  older  system, 
which  is  similar  to  the  American  way  of  computing  time. 

The  easiest  way  to  express  time  is  to  follow  the  railroad 
timetable   system,   11:45   a.m.    (onze  heures  quarante  cinq). 
Avoid  the  expressions  half  past,  quarter  of,  five  minutes  to, 
etc. 

matin 

apres-midi 

soir 

nuit 

aujourdhui 

hier  (hi-  er) 

avant-hier 

demain 

apres-demain 

maintenant 

combien  de  fois? 

il-y-a  combien  de  temps? 

il  n'ya  pas  longtemps? 

la  niiit  derniere 

Quelle  heure? 

Je  veux  partir  aujourdhui. 


morning 

afternoon 

evening 

night 

to-day 

yesterday 

day  before  yesterday 

to-morrow 

day  after  to-morrow 

now 

how  often? 

how  long  ago? 

not  long  ago? 

last  night 

What  time  is  it? 

I  want  to  go  to-day. 


[9 


MONTHS— MOIS 


January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 


Janvier 

fevrier 

mars 

avril 

mai 

juin 

juillet 

aotit   (oo) 

septembre 

octobre 

novembre 

decembre 


DAYS  OF  THE  WEEK— JOURS  DE  LA  SEMAINE 


Sunday 

Monday 

Tuesday 

Wednesday 

Thursday 

Friday 

Saturday 


dimanche 

lundi 

mardi 

mercredi 

jeudi 

vendredi 

samedi 


To  express  dates,  the  first  day  of  the  month  is  called 
le  premier;  the  second,  le  deux;  the  third,  le  trois;  etc.  A 
date  is  always  written  in  the  order,  day,  month,  year;  thus 
4  Juillet  1918,  never  Juillet  4,  1918.  Again,  4/5/18  means 
4  Mai,  1918,  not  5  Avril,  1918. 


[10] 


5.  AIRPLANE 
aerodrome 
air-pump 
altitude 
axle 
biplane 
body 

covered  body- 
brake 
breakdown 
cabane 
carriage 

center  of  gravity- 
center  of  pressure 
center  of  traction 
cock  pit 
control 
control  lever 
control  wire 
dihedral 

dismount  (a  wing,  etc.) 
dive  (to) 
eddies 

edge  (leading) 
edge  (trailing) 
elevator 

factor  of  safety 
ferrule 

flap,  balancing 
fly,  to 
fuselage 
gasoline 
guy  wires 
hood 

horsepower 
hinge 

[ 


—aeroplane 

aerodrome 

pompe  a  air 

altitude 

essieu 

biplan 

nacelle 

entoilage 

frein 

panne 

cabane 

cadre 

centre  de  gravite 

centre  de  pression 

centre  de  traction 

baquet 

commandes 

levier  de  commande 

cable  de  commande,  or  fil 

diedre 

demonter 

piquer 

remous 

plan  d'attaque 

plan  de  sortie 

gouvernail  de  profondeur 

coefficient  de  securite 

epaulement 

aileron 

voler 

fuselage 

essence 

haubans 

capot 

cheval  vapeur 

charniere 

ii] 


hinged 
hydroplane 
incidence 
joint 

universal  joint 
landing 

landing  chassis 
length 
lever 

load  (active) 
longeron 
lurch,  to 
monoplane 
motive  power 
motor 

quadrangular 
observer 
oil  (lubricating) 
one-seater 
piano  wire 
pilot 

pitch  (of  a  screw) 
pocket,  air 
pontoon 
power 
propeller 
pusher 
pulley- 
pylon 
radiator 
recoil  springs 
rib 

rigging 
rim  (of  tire) 
rod  (connecting) 
rudder 
seat 
section 


articule 

hydravion 

incidence 

articulation 

joint  universel 

atterrissage 

chassis  d' atterrissage 

longueur 

levier 

charge  utile 

longeron 

faire  tine  embardee 

monoplan 

force  motrice 

moteur 

quadrangulaire 

observateur 

huile  (ti-i-1) 

monoplace 

corde  a  piano 

pilote 

pas  d'tine  vis 

trou  d'air 

ponton 

puissance 

helice 

appareil  a  helice  arriere 

poulie 

pylone 

radiateur 

amortisseur 

nervure 

haubannage 

jante 

bielle 

gouvernail 

siege 

tranche 


[12] 


shock  absorber 

side-slip,  to 

skid,  to 

skid  (under  tail) 

socket 

span 

spar 

speedometer 

spoke 

spring 

stabilizer 

stagger 

staggered  planes 

steel  tube 

steer 

steerable 

strips 

struts 

surface  (lifting) 

support 

support  wires 

tail 

tire 

tractor 

trial 

tube 

turnbuckle 

turn  turtle,  to 

vol-plane,  to 

warping 

wing 

lower  wing 
upper  wing 

weight  (dead) 

wheel 

wire  rope 

wire 

wire,  broken 


amortisseurs 

glisser  sur  l'aile 

deraper 

bequille 

douille 

envergure 

longeron 

indicateur  de  vitesse 

rayon 

ressort 

stabilisateur 

decalement 

plans  decales 

tiibes  d'acier 

diriger 

dirigeable 

lattes 

mats  or  montants 

surface  portante 

appui 

fils  de  soutien 

queue 

pneu 

appareil  a  helice  avant 

essai 

tube 

tendeur,  ecrou  de  reglage 

capoter 

volplaner 

gauchissement 

aile 

aile  inferieure 

aile  superieure 
poids  a  vide 
roue 

cables  d'acier 
fil 
fil  rompii 

[13] 


MOTOR— MOTEUR 


air-valve 

ball  bearing,  nut  for,  279 

base  with  bearing  cups,  oil 

duct  cylinder  studs,  1 
cam  rocker,  shaft  for,  112 
cam  rocker  and  roller,  118 
cam  shaft,  right  hand,  97 
cam  shaft,  left  hand,  98 
cam  shaft  gear,  103 
compression 
carburetor 

flooded 
case 

coupling  block,  215 
crank  shaft,  119 
crank  shaft,  starting,  dog 

for,  447 
crank  pin,  bolt  and  nut  for, 

361 
cylinder,  362 
drive  shaft,  coupling  for,  214 

end  bearing,  101 

exhaust  elbow,  366 

explosive  (adjective) 

fan 

fly-wheel 

idler  gear,  203 

inlet  pipe,  water  jacketed, 

left  side,  377 
magneto,  383 
magneto,  382 
magneto  coupling,  217 
magneto  driving  gear  and 

shaft,  200 


soupape  d' admission  d'air 

reglage  du  roulement  a  billes 

base  avec  graisseurs,  tiiyau  d'- 
huile  et  tenons  du  cylindre 

arbre  du  ciilbuteur 

culbiiteur 

arbre  a  cames,  cote  droit 

arbre  a  cames,  cote  gauche 

engrenage  dii  vilbrequin 

compression 

carburateur 
noye 

carter 

manchon  d' assemblage 

vilbrequin 

cliquet  de  la  manivelle  de  mise 
en  marche 

boulon  et  ecrou  de  la  mani- 
velle 

cylindre 

assemblage  de  1' arbre  de 
transmission 

tourillon 

coude  de  l'echappement 

detonant 

ventilateur 

volant 

desembrayage 

tube  d' admission  a  circulation 
d'eau,  cote  gauche 

magneto 

magneto 

embrayage  de  la  magneto 

engrenage  et  arbre  de  la  mag- 
neto 


[14] 


Longitudinal  Section 

[15] 


mixture 

muffler 

oil  sump,  21 

oil  filter  screen,  29 

piston,  413 

piston  ring,  272 

pressure  gauge,  258 

priming  cup,  146 

propelling   and   center   gear 

end  bearing,  sup,  stud,  nut 

and  washer,  330 

rod  and  cap  babbitted,  150 

spark 

spark  plug,  198 

starting  crank,  444 

starting  crank,  shaft  for,  445 

tank 

tappet  rod,  427 

tappet  spring,  426 

timing  gear,  half  bushing 

and  bearing  for,  132 
valve,  418 
valve,  exhaust 
valve  guide  bushing,  144 
valve,  inlet 
valve  rocker  screw  and  nut, 

420 
valve  rocker  pin,  422 
valvet,  safety 
valve  seat 
valve  spring,  428 
valve  spring  cup,  429 
valve  spring  key,  split,  477 
valve  spring  seat,  430 
valve-stem 
vibrator 
water  connection,  complete,  474  circulation  d'eau 

[16] 


de    piston 


de 


melange 

silencieux 

carter  a  hiiile 

filtre  a  hiiile 

piston 

segment    or    bague 

manometre 

robinet  de  decompression 

centre  et  butee  de  l'arbre 

transmission,  graisseur, 

tenon,  ecrou  et  rondelle 

d' ecrou 
bielle  bronzee 
etincelle 
bougie 

manivelle  de  mise  en  marche 
arbre  de  la  mise  en  marche 
reservoir 
tige  poussoir 

ressort  de  la  tige  poussoir 
manchon  et  coussinet  pour 
a  vane  e  a  l'allumage 
soupape 

soupape  d'echappement 
manchon  de  la  tige  de  valve 
soupape  d' alimentation 
boulon  et  ecrou  du  culbuteur 

de  valve 
tourillon  du  culbuteur 
soupape  de  surete 
siege  de  valve 
ressort  de  soupape 
tete  du  ressort  de  soupape 
goupille  du  ressort  de  soupape 
support  du  ressort  de  soupape 
tige  de  valve 
trembleur 

(like  oh) 


Propeller  End  View 


water  jacket 

water  pipe  for  cylinder,  442 
water  pump  body,  295 
water  pump  cover,  433 
water  pump  gear  and  shaft, 

299 
water  pump  impeller,  298 

water  pump  to  cylinder,  307 
wrist  pin,  414 


chemise  d'eau 

tuyau  d'eau  pour  le  cylindre 
pompe  de  circulation  d'eau 
fermetiire  de  la  pompe 
engrenage  et  arbre  de  la 

pompe  de  circulation  d'eau 
mise  en  marche  de  la  pompe 

de  circulation  d'eau 
pompe  de  circulation  d'eau 
tourillon  de  la  tete  de  bielle 

[17] 


7.  MACHINE  GUN, 

BOMB— MITRAILLEUSE,  BOMBE 

"barrel 

canon 

bolt 

verrou 

butt 

crosse 

cartridge 

cartouche 

ejector 

ejecteur 

extractor 

extracteur 

gas  chamber 

chambre  a  gaz 

gear 

engrenage 

guard 

garde 

handle  (of  a  gun) 

poignee 

lever 

levier 

limber 

caisson 

magazine 

magasin 

mainspring 

grand  ressort 

pawl 

cliquet 

pin 

perciiteur 

radiator 

radiateur,  refroidissement 

sights 

hausse 

tension 

tension 

trigger 

detente 

tripod 

pied 

angle  of  sight 

angle  de  vision 

bomb 

bombe 

cap  (detonating) 

detonateur 

firing  pin 

perciiteur 

fuse 

fusee 

harmless 

sans  danger 

liquid 

liquide 

membrane 

membrane 

nose 

nez,  pointe 

propeller 

helice 

releasing  device 

appareil  de  langage 

spring 

ressort 

vanes  (wind) 

ailettes 

[18] 

8.  TOOLS  AND  EQUIPMENT— OUTILS  ET  £QTJIPEMENT 

alcohol 

alcool 

anvil 

enclume 

awl 

alene 

axe 

hache 

bench 

etabli 

bit 

meche 

bolt 

boulon,  ecrou 

brace 

vilbrequin 

bucket 

seau 

caliper 

compas  d'epaisseur 

cement  (rubber) 

dissolution 

chisel 

ciseau 

cold  chisel 

ciseau  a  froid 

coal  oil 

petrole  or  luciline 

compass 

boussole 

compasses 

compas 

crowbar 

levier 

cutter  (wire) 

pince  coupante 

emery-cloth 

toile  d'emeri 

file 

lime 

gear-wheel 

pignon 

gimlet 

vrille 

hammer 

marteau 

hatchet 

hache 

hook 

crochet 

jack 

eric 

key 

cle 

knife 

couteau 

lathe 

tour 

level 

niveau 

monkey-wrench 

cle  anglaise 

nail 

clou 

nail  set 

repoussoir 

nut 

ecrou 

[19] 


oil-can 

burette 

pick 

pic 

pincers 

tenailles 

pinch  bar 

pince 

plane 

rabot 

plier 

des  pinces 

plumb  bob 

fil  a  plomb 

plumber's  torch 

lampe  a  souder 

pulley 

poulie 

punch 

emporte-piece 

rasp 

rape 

rivet 

rivet 

rod 

barre 

rope 

corde 

rubber 

caoutchouc 

sand  paper 

papier  de  verre 

saw 

scie 

scissors 

ciseaux 

screw 

ecrou,  vis 

screwdriver 

tourne-vis 

sharpening  stone 

pierre  a  aiguiser 

shears 

cisailles 

shellac 

laque 

shovel 

pelle 

solder 

soudure 

soldering  iron 

fer  a  souder 

spade 

beche 

spring 

ressort 

square 

equerre 

temper 

tremper 

turn-buckle 

tendeur 

turpentine 

terebenthine 

vise 

etau 

weld 

souder 

wheelbarrow 

brouette 

wire 

fil  de  fer 

wire  cutter 

pinces  coupautes 

wire  rope 

cable  d'acier 

[20] 


9.  LANDMARKS  AND   OBJECTS— POINTS  DE  REPfcRE 

North  Nord 

South  Stid 

East  Est 

West  Ouest 

Northeast  Nord-est 

Northwest  Nord-ouest 

Southeast  Sud-est 

Southwest  Sud-ouest 


far 
here 
near 

over  there 
there 

animal 

automobile 

hank 

barge 

barn 

boat 

tow  boat 

row  boat 

bridge 

bush 

canal 

car 

passenger  car 

box-car 

flat-car 

cart 

castle 

chimney 

church 

cliff 


loin 

ici 

pres 

la-bas 

la 

animal 

automobile 

rive 

chaland 

grange 

bateau 

remorcLueur 

canot 

pont 

buisson 

canal 

wagon 

wagon  de  voyageurs 

wagon  de  merchandises 

plateforme 

charette 

chateau 

cheminee 

eglise 

falaise 


[21] 


clock 

cow 

crossing 

dog 

donkey 

earth 

engine 

farm 

fence 

field 

forest 

garden 

gate 

hay-stack 

hedge 

highway 

hill 

small  hill 
horse 
house 
hut 
lake 
lane 
meadow 
mill 
mud 
path 
Pig 
pond 
rail 

railroad 
rain 
rise 
river 
road 
roadbed 
roof 
round-house 


horloge 

vache 

passage  a  niveau 

chien 

ane 

terre 

machine   or  locomotive 

ferme 

palissade 

champ 

fordt 

jar  din 

porte 

meule  de  foin 

haie 

grand  route 

colline 

coteau 
cheval 
maison 
hutte 
lac 

chemin 
prairie 
mouliri 
boue 
sentier 
cochon 
mare 
rail 

chemin  de  fer 
pluie 
montee 
riviere 
route 
chaussee 
toit 
dep6t 

[22] 


school 

ecole 

shed 

hangar 

side 

cote 

siding 

voie  de  garage 

signal 

signal 

sky 

ciel 

smoke 

fiimee 

smokestack 

cheminee 

snow 

neige 

station 

gare 

stay  (to) 

rester 

stay  here 

restez  ici 

steeple 

clocher 

stone 

pierre 

switch 

aiguillage 

tank 

reservoir 

telegraph  pole 

poteau  de  telegraphe 

tender  (railroad) 

tender 

tie 

traverse 

town 

ville,  village 

town  hall 

mairie 

tow  boat 

remorqueur 

tow  path 

chemin  de  halage 

track 

voie 

trail 

piste 

train 

train 

tree 

arbre 

small  tree 

petit  arbre 

big  tree 

gros  arbre 

tunnel 

tunnel 

valley 

vallee 

village 

village 

vineyard 

vignes 

wagon 

wagon 

water  tank 

reservoir  d'eau 

wheat  field 

champ  de  ble 

windmill 

moulin  a  vent 

wood 

bois 

[23] 


10.  SURVEYING— TOPOGRAPHIE 


angle 

area 

artificial  horizon 

ascension 

azimuth 

chain 

circle 

depth 

dip 

distance 

drift  (of  a  mine) 

elevation  (angular) 

elevation  (above  sea  level) 

gradient 

horizon 

logarithm 

latitude 

length 

level 

level  (bubble) 

level  (surveyor's) 

location 

mirror 

mercury 

offset 

parallel 

perpendicular 

plane  table 

point 

profile 

protractor 

range 

range  finder 

right  angle 


angle 

aire  or  surface 

horizon  artificiel 

ascension 

azimuth 

chaine  d'arpenteur 

cercle 

profondeur 

pente 

distance 

galerie  de  mine 

elevation 

altitude 

pente 

horizon 

logarithme 

latitude 

longueur 

niveau 

niveau  d'eau 

niveau  d'arpenteur 

situation 

miroir 

mercure 

ordonnee 

parallele 

perpendiculaire 

planchette  d'arpenteur 

point 

profil 

rapporteur 

portee  or  distance 

telemetre 

angle  droit 


[24] 


rod 

sag 

sextant 

shaft  (of  a  mine) 

sine 

side-rule 

slope 

straight  line 

surveyor's  level 

sound  (to) 

sounding  line 

tangent 

tape 

theodolite 

time 

time  (of  day) 

topography 

transit 

traverse 

triangle 

trigonometry 

trigonometric  table 

vernier 

width 


echelle  d'arpenteur 

courbure 

sextant 

puits  de  mine 

sinus 

echelle  de  proportions 

pente 

ligne  droite 

niveau  d'arpenteur 

sonder 

sonde 

tangente 

metre  d'arpenteur 

theodolite 

le  temps 

l'heure 

topographie 

theodolite 

table  pour  faire  le  point 

triangle 

trigonometrie 

tables  de  trigonometrie 

vernier 

larguer 


[25] 


11.  ARMY— ARMfiE 


army  corps 

division 

brigade 

regiment 

battalion 

company 

squad 

artillery 

cavalry 

infantry 

engineers 

flying  corps 

quartermaster  department 

red  cross 

general 

lieutenant-general 

major-general 

colonel 

major 

captain 

lieutenant 

non-commissioned  oftlcer 

private 

doctor 

Caution:    To  ask  for  the 
man  to  ask  for  the  doctor. 


corps  d'armee 
division 
brigade 
regiment 

bataillon    (escadron    for    cav- 
alry) 
compagnie 
escouade 
artillerie 
cavalerie 
infanterie 
genie 
aviation 
intendance 

croix  rouge,  or  service  de  sante 
general 

general  de  division 
general  de  brigade 
colonel 
commandant 
capitaine 
lieutenant 
sous-officier 
soldat 
major 
"Major"  means  to  a  French- 


advance  guard 

ambulance 

ammunition 

arsenal 

attack 

barbed  wire 


avant-garde 

ambulance 

munitions 

arsenal 

attaque 

fil  de  fer  barbele" 


[26] 


barracks 

battery 

bayonet 

bullet 

breach 

call  the  roll 

camp 

cannon 

cartridge 

code 

colors  (flag) 

communication  trench 

commandeer,  to 

convoy 

court-martial 

despatch 

despatch  bearer 

distress  signal 

dugout 

dump  (shell) 

dynamite 

encamp,  to 

explosive 

fatigue  party 

flag 

flash  lantern 

flying  torpedo 

foreign  legion 

gas  mask 

grenadier 

guards 

gun  (artillery) 

gun  cotton 

hand  grenade 

headquarters 

helmet 

hospital 

howitzer 


caserne 

batterie 

baionnette 

balle 

breche 

faire  l'appel 

camp 

canon 

cartouche 

code 

drapeau 

boyau 

requisitionner 

convoi 

conseil  de  guerre 

message 

messager 

signal  de  detresse 

abri 

depot  d'obiis 

dynamite 

camper 

explosif 

corvee 

drapeau 

lanterne 

torpille 

legion  etrangere 

masque 

grenadier 

garde 

canon 

cotton  poudre 

grenade 

quartier  general 

casque 

hopital 

obusier 


[27] 


interpreter 

interprete 

leave  (on) 

permission 

liaison 

liaison 

limber 

caisson  or  avant-train 

lookout 

poste  d 'observation 

machine  gun 

mitrailleuse 

mine 

mine 

mortar 

mortier 

office 

bureau 

officer 

officier 

order,  an 

reglement 

patrol 

patrouille 

pistol 

revolver 

post 

poste 

post  office 

bureau  de  poste 

powder 

poudre 

rear-guard 

arriere-guarde 

reinforcements 

renforts 

revolver 

revolver 

rifle 

fusil 

rocket 

fusee 

roll-call 

appel 

salute 

saliit 

sentinel 

sentinelle 

shell 

obtis 

shell  dump 

depot  d* obtis 

shield 

bouclier 

shrapnel 

shrapnell 

signal 

signal 

staff 

etat-major 

storm  (to) 

prendre  d'assaut 

torpedo 

torpille  (torpiye) 

tractor 

tracteur 

trench 

tranchee 

wireless 

telegraphic  sans  fil 

[28] 


12.  PROVISIONS— PROVISIONS 

bakery  la  boulangerie 

beef  dti  boeuf 

bread  dti  pain 

butter  dti  beurre 

cheese  dti  fromage 

chicken  dti  poulet 

cigars  un  cigare 

cigarettes  des  cigarettes 

coffee  dti  cafe 

eggs,  fried  des  oeuf s,  sur  le  plat 

fish  du  poisson 

fruit  des  fruits 

grocery  epicerie 

ham  dti  jambon 

jam  des  confittires 

matches  des  alltimettes 

milk  dti  lait 

mutton  dti  mouton 

pepper  dti  poivre 

pipe  tine  pipe 

pork  dti  pore 

potatoes  pommes  de  terre 

salt  dti  sel 

soap  dti  savon 

soup  de  la  soupe 

tea  dti  the 

tobacco  dti  tabac 

water  de  l'eau  (like  o) 

wine  dti  vin 

I  am  thirsty  j'ai  soif 

I  am  hungry  j'ai  faim 

I  am  cold  j'ai  froid 

Give  me  this  Donnez  moi  ceci 

How  much  Combien 

[29] 


13.  WOUNDED— BLESSfi 


ambulance 

ambulance 

antiseptic 

antiseptique 

ankle 

cheville 

arm 

bras 

artery 

artere 

back 

dos 

bandage 

bandage 

bed 

lit 

body- 

corps 

bowels 

intestin 

brandy 

cognac 

broken 

casse 

bruise 

contusion 

chamber  pot 

pot  de  chambre 

chest 

poitrine 

chill 

frisson 

cold  (adjective) 

froid 

cold  (a) 

rhume 

cotton 

coton 

dispensary 

infirmerie 

doctor 

docteur 

drug  store 

pharmacie 

ear 

oreille 

elbow 

coude 

eye,  eyes 

oeil,  les  yeux 

face 

figure 

fever 

fievre 

field  hospital 

hospital  de  campagne 

first  aid  station 

poste  de  seecours 

finger 

doigt 

foot 

pied 

forehead 

front 

hand 

main 

head 

tete 

[30] 


headache 

mal  de  t§te 

heart 

coeur 

hemorrhage 

hemorragie 

hospital 

hospital 

hot 

chaud 

hot  water  bottle 

bouillotte 

iodine 

teinture  d'iode 

knee 

genou 

leg 

jambe 

lung 

poumon 

mouth 

bouche 

nausea  (sea-sickness) 

nau  see 

neck 

cou 

nose 

nez 

nose  bleed 

saignement  de  nez 

pillow 

oreiller 

quinine 

quinine 

rib 

cote 

stomach 

*       estomac 

stomach-ache 

mal  d'  estomac 

shoulder 

epaule 

throat 

gorge 

toe 

doigt  de  pied 

tooth 

dent 

toothache 

mal  de  dents 

tongue 

langue 

urinal 

pistolet 

vein 

veine 

wound 

blessure 

wrist 

poignet 

Be  careful 

attention 

Gently 

doucement 

It  is  painful 

c'est  douloureux,  je  souffre 

I  am  thirsty- 

j'ai  soif,  a  boire 

Give  me  a  drink 

donnez-moi  a  boire 

Please 

s'il  vous  plait 

Thank  you 

merci 

[31] 


above 

au  dessus 

across 

a  travers 

afraid 

peur 

he  is  afraid 

il  a  peur 

after 

apres 

again 

encore 

air 

air 

airplane  (see  p.  11) 

avion 

aim  (to) 

viser 

alive 

vivant 

all 

tous 

aluminum 

aluminium 

am   (I) 

je  suis 

and 

et 

answer 

reponse 

alone 

seul 

always 

tou jours 

America 

Amerique 

American 

americain 

and 

et 

animal 

animal 

approach  (to) 

approcher 

attack 

attaque 

are  (we) 

nous  sommes 

you  are 

vous  etes 

they  are 

ils  sont 

army  (see  p.  26) 

Tarmee 

around 

autour  de 

ask  (to) 

demander 

hack 

derriere 

backward 

en  arriere 

had 

mauvais 

hag 

sac 

bakery 

houlangerie 

bandage 

bandage 

[32] 


bank  (river) 

rive 

barber 

barbier 

barge 

chaland 

barn 

grange 

barometer 

barometre 

bath 

bain 

battery  (electric) 

pile 

dry 

seche 

storage 

accumulateur, 

or  accus 

in  series 

en  tension 

beef 

boeuf 

Belgian 

beige 

Belgium 

Belgique 

bed 

lit 

beer 

de  la  biere 

before  (time) 

avant 

before  (place) 

devant 

behind 

derriere 

below 

en  bas 

bend  (to) 

courber 

bent 

courbe 

better 

mieux  (mi-eu) 

big 

grand 

bind  (machinery) 

gripper 

bind  (tie  up) 

attacher 

black 

noir 

blacksmith 

forgeron 

blanket 

couvertiire 

blood 

sang 

boat 

bateau 

boil  (to) 

bouillir 

bolt 

boulon 

book 

livre 

bore   (to) 

percer 

borrow  (to) 

emprunter 

bottle 

bouteille 

box 

boite 

brandy 

cognac 

[33] 

breach 

breche 

break  down 

panne 

bread 

pain 

breech 

ciilasse 

brick 

brique 

bridge 

pont 

bring  (to) 

apporter 

broken 

casse,  or  rompii 

brown 

brim 

bruise 

contusion 

brush 

brosse 

burn  (to) 

bruler 

bury  (to) 

enterrer 

burst 

eclater 

bush 

buisson 

butt 

crosse 

button 

bout  on 

buy   (to) 

acheter 

cable 

cable 

canal 

canal 

camera 

appareil  photographique 

canvas 

toile 

car 

voiture 

care  (of  machine) 

entretien 

care  (with) 

avec  precaution 

cart 

charrette 

cartridge 

cartouche 

carry  (to) 

porter 

cave   (dugout) 

abri 

cement 

ciment 

chair 

chaise 

cheese 

fromage 

child 

enfants 

chimney 

cheminee 

chocolate 

chocolat 

church 

eglise 

cigar 

cigare 

cigarettes 

cigarettes 

[34] 

city 
clean 

this  is  not  clean 
cliff 
clock 

close  (adverb) 
close  (to) 
cloud 
cock 
code 
coffee 
comb 
cold 

I  have  a  cold 
color 

come  (to) 
come 

I  come 

I  came 
come  down  (to) 
come  in 
come  out 
command  (to) 
cook 
copper 
cord 

cork-screw 
cost  (to) 

How  much  does  it  cost9 
cow 

crawl  (to) 
crossing   (railroad) 
cup 

cut  (to) 
cut  (railroad) 
danger 
dark 
dark  room 


ville 
propre 

ce  n'est  pas  propre 
falaise 
horloge 
pres 
fermer 
nuage 
robinet 
code 
cafe 
peigne 
froid 

j'ai  un  rhume 
couleur 
venir 
venez 

je  viens 

je  suis  venti 
descendre 
entrez 
sortez 
commander 
cuisinier 
ciiivre 
corde 

tire-bouchon 
couter 

Combien? 
vache 
ramper 

passage  a  niveau 
tasse 
couper 

tranchee  de  chemin  de  fer 
danger 
sombre 
chambre  noire 


[35] 


dare  (to) 

oser 

dead 

mort 

deck  of  cards 

paquet  de  cartes 

destroy  (to) 

detruire 

die  (to) 

mourir 

dig  (to) 

creuser 

dirty 

sale 

distance 

distance 

distress  signal 

signal  de  detresse 

ditch 

fosse 

doctor 

docteur 

donkey 

ane 

door 

porte 

down 

en  bas 

drag  (to) 

tirer 

draw 

dessiner 

drawing 

dessin 

drink  (to) 

boire 

dry 

sec 

dugout 

abri 

dull  (tool) 

emousse 

dust 

poussiere 

dying 

mourant 

each 

chaque 

early 

de  bonne  heure 

call  me  early 

reveillez-moi  de  bonne  heure 

earth 

terre 

easy 

facile 

eggs 

des  oeufs 

elastic 

elastique 

emery  cloth 

toile  d'emeri 

empty 

vide 

end 

bout 

enemy 

ennemi 

England 

Angleterre 

English 

anglais 

every  (all) 

tous 

every  (each) 

chacun 

[36] 


explode  (to) 

exploser 

explosion 

explosion 

explosive  (an) 

explosif 

explosive  (adjective) 

detonant 

fan 

ventilateur 

fall  (to) 

tomber 

false 

faux 

far 

loin 

farm 

ferine 

fast  (adjective) 

rapide 

fast  (to  make) 

attacher 

father 

pere 

fatigue 

fatigue 

fatigue  party- 

corvee 

faucet 

robinet 

fear  (to) 

craindre 

fell  (to) 

tombe 

fence 

palissade 

fetch  (to) 

aller  chercher 

fetch  him,  it 

allez  le  chercher 

few 

peu 

field 

champ 

film 

pellicule 

fill  (to) 

remplir 

filter 

filtre 

fine  (small) 

fin 

fire 

feu 

fire  (to) 

f aire  feu 

first 

premier 

fish 

poisson 

fit  (to) 

aller 

it  fits 

cela  va 

it  will  fit 

cela  ira 

it  does  not  fit 

cela  ne  va  pas 

fix  (to) 

arranger 

flag 

drapeau 

flare 

torche 

flash-lantern 

lampe  de  poche 

[37] 


flexible 

flood 

follow 

follow  me 

forge   (to) 

forward 

France 

French 

friend 

front 

frozen 

fruit 

full 

funnel 

fuse 

game  (play) 

garden 

gas 

gas-mask 

gate 

gear 

gear-wheel 

German 

Germany- 
get  (to) 

get  it 

girl 

give  (to) 

glass 

glue 

go  (to) 
I  go 
he  goes 
you  go 
they  go 
I  will  go 
he  will  go 
he  went 


flexible 

inondation 

suivre 

suivez-moi 

forger 

en  avant 

France 

francais 

ami 

le  front 

gele 

des  fruits 

plein 

entonnoir 

fusee 

jeu 

jardin 

gaz 

masque 

porte 

engrenage 

pignon 

allemand 

Allcmagne 

aller  chercher 

allez  le  chercher 

fille 

donner 

verre 

colle  forte 

aller 

je  vais 

il  va 

vous  allez 

ils  vont 

j'irai 

il  ira 

il  est  alle 


[38] 


good 

good-bye 

grease 

greasy- 
green 

grinding  stone 

grocery 

ground 

guess  (to) 
I  guess  so 

ham 

hand 

hard 

have  (to) 
I  have 
he  has 
you  have 
they  have 

hay 

he 

hear  (to) 

heavy 

height 

help  (to) 

her 

here 

hide 

high 

him 

his 

hit  (to) 

hole 

home 

home 

horse 

hot 

house 

how  much 


(to) 


(my) 
(your) 


Don 

au  revoir 

lubricant,  graisse 

gras 

vert 

meule 

epicerie 

terrain 

croire 

je  le  crois 
jambon 
main 
diir 
avoir 

j'ai 

il  a 

vous  avez 

ils  ont 
foin 
il 

entendre 
lourd 
hauteur 
aider 
son 
ici 

cacher 
haut 
lui 
son 

frapper 
trou 

chez  moi 
chez  vous 
cheval 
chaud 
maison 
combien 


[39] 


hurt  (to) 

faire  mal 

I 

ice 

immediately 

in 

je 

glace 

tout  de  suite 

dans 

ink 

encre 

inquire 
inside 

demander 
dedans 

instructions 

ordres 

instrument 

instrument 

into 

dans 

it 

il  or  le  or  cela 

Italian 

italien 

Italy 
iron 

Italie 
fer 

kill  (to) 
kind 

tiier 
aimable 

you  are  very  kind 

vous  etes  bien  aimable 

knife 

couteau 

knot 

noeud 

ladder 

echelle 

lake 

lac 

lamp 

landmarks  (see  p.  21) 

lane 

lampe 

points  de  repere 

sentier 

large 
last 

grand 
dernier 

late 

tard 

you  are  late 

vous  etes  en  retard 

lead  (metal) 
lead  (to) 
leather 

plomb 

conduire 

cuir 

leggins 

length 

letter 

jambieres 

longueur 

lettre 

lie  (to  tell  a) 
lie  (to  recline) 
light 

mentir 
se  coucher 
lumiere 

[40] 

light  (to) 

allumer 

light   (adjective) 

leger 

like  (to) 

aimer 

linen 

toile  de  lin 

listen  (to) 

ecouter 

little 

petit 

living 

vivant 

lock 

serrure 

lock  (to) 

fermer 

look  (to) 

regarder 

loose 

lache 

lose  (to) 

perdre 

low 

has 

lung 

poumon 

machine  gun  (see  p.  18) 

mitrailleuse 

magazine  (journal) 

revile  or  magazine 

magazine  (of  gun) 

magasin 

maid 

la  bonne 

man 

un  homme 

many- 

beaucoup 

map 

la  carte 

mask 

masque 

master 

maitre 

school  master 

institiiteur 

magnet 

aimant 

matches 

alliimettes 

mayor 

maire 

me 

moi 

meadow 

prairie 

mechanic 

mecanicien 

medicine 

medecine 

mend  (to) 

raccommoder 

mesh  (of  a  sieve) 

maille 

metric  system  (see  p.  6) 

systeme  metrique 

mill 

moulin 

mine 

une  mine 

mine  (pronoun) 

le  mien 

mist 

brume 

[41] 

mixture 

money  (see  p.  8) 

moon 

mother 

motor  (see  p.  14) 

mottled 

much 

mud 

mustard 

name 

near 

never 

newspaper 

no 

noise 

noisy 

not 

numbers  (see  p.  5) 

nurse 

obey  (to) 

oil 

castor 

coal 

linseed 

lubricating 

olive 
old 

once  (at) 
once 
only 

open  (to) 
open 
or 
our 
out 

outside 
paint 
paper 


melange 

de  1' argent 

la  lune 

mere 

moteur 

bigarre 

beaucoup 

boue 

moutarde 

nom 

pres 

jamais 

journal 

non 

bruit 

briiyant 

non,  or  ne  . . .  pas 

nombres 

infirmiere 

obeir 

hiiile 

htiile  de  ricin 

petrole  or  luciline 

hiiile  de  lin 

lubricant 

hiiile  d' olive 

vieux 

tout  de  suite 

une  fois 

seulement 

ouvrir 

ouvert 

ou 

notre,  or  nos 

hors 

dehors 

peintiire 

papier 

[42] 


paper  (news) 

path 

pay  (to) 

peace 

pen 

pencil 

pepper 

photograph 

photographer 

picture 

pig 

pillow 

pipe 

plaster 

point 

police  (military) 

pond 

port 

post-office 

postal  card 

postage  stamp 

prisoner 

protect  (to) 

provisions  (see  p.  29) 

rain 

razor 

read  (to) 

ready 

receipt 

red 

release  (to) 

revolution 

ride  (horse,  wagon) 

rim  (of  wheel) 

risk  (to) 

river 

road 

rocket 


journal 

sentier 

payer 

paix 

pliime 

crayon 

poivre 

photographie 

photographe 

portrait 

cochon 

oreiller 

pipe 

platre 

un  point 

gendarmes 

mare 

port 

poste 

carte  postale 

timbre  de  poste 

prisonnier 

proteger 

provisions 

pluie 

rasoir 

lire 

pret 

regti  (resti) 

rouge 

lacher 

revolution 

aller  a  cheval,  aller  en  voiture 

jante 

risquer 

riviere 

route 

fusee 


T43] 


roof 

toit 

round 

rond 

roundhouse 

depot 

Roumania 

Roumanie 

Roumanian 

roumain 

safe 

sauve 

salt 

sel 

salute  (noun) 

saliit 

same 

meme 

sap  (a) 

sape 

say,  to 

dire 

scarce 

rare 

scarcely 

a  peine 

school  master 

instituteur 

scratch 

rayer 

see  (to) 

voir 

sentry 

sentinelle 

several 

plusieurs 

sharp 

aiguise 

she 

elle 

sheep 

des  moutons 

sheet  (iron,  etc.) 

tole 

shield 

bouclier 

shoes 

souliers 

shoot  (to) 

tirer 

shut 

ferine 

sick 

malade 

side 

cote 

siding  (railroad) 

voie  de  garage 

sieve 

tamis 

signal 

signal 

silk 

soie 

sky 

ciel 

sleep  (to) 

dormir 

sleet 

verglas 

slow 

lent 

smoke 

fiimee 

smokestack 

cheminSe 

[44] 


soap 

savon 

soon 

bientSt 

soup 

soupe 

speak  (to) 

parler 

speed 

Vitesse 

spell  (to) 

epeler 

spire 

clocher 

spoke 

rayon 

spoon 

cuiller 

spring 

ressort 

spy 

espion 

squad 

escouade,  or  peloton 

stamp 

un  timbre,  or  timbre-poste 

star 

etoile 

station  (railroad) 

la  gare 

steal  (to) 

voler 

steel 

acier 

steeple 

clocher 

stiff 

raide 

stone 

pierre 

stop  (to) 

arreter 

storm  (a) 

une  tempete 

storm  (to) 

prendre  d'assaut 

stove 

fourneau 

string 

ficelle 

sun 

soleil 

surveying  (see  p.  24) 

topographie 

suspect  (to) 

soupconner 

sweet 

doux 

switch 

aiguille 

take  (to) 

prendre 

talk  (to) 

parler 

tall 

grand 

tank 

reservoir 

tea 

the 

telegraph 

telegraphe 

telephone 

telephone 

tell  (to) 

dire 

[45] 

tender 

tender 

tent 

tente 

test  (to) 

verifier 

thanks 

merci 

that 

cela  or  9a  (sa) 

the 

le,  or  la,  or  les 

there 

la 

these 

ceux-ci 

they 

ils,  or  elles 

thick 

epais 

thin 

mince 

think  (to) 

penser 

this 

ceci 

those 

ceux-la 

thread 

fil 

through 

a  travers 

throw  (to) 

jeter 

tie  (railroad) 

traverse 

tight 

serre 

tighten  (to) 

serrer 

time  (of  day)  (see  p.  9) 

l'heure 

time   (each) 

chaque  fois 

to 

a 

tire 

pneu 

tired 

fatigue 

tobacco 

tabac 

together 

ensemble 

too  (also) 

aussi 

tools  (see  p.  19) 

outils 

too  little 

trop  peu,  pas  assez 

too  many 

trop 

too  much 

trop 

towards 

vers 

tow-boat 

remorqueur 

towel 

serviette 

town 

petite  ville 

town  hall 

mairie 

trail 

piste 

[46] 

train 

train 

tree 

arbre 

trench 

tranchee 

trousers 

pantalon 

truck 

camion 

true 

vrai 

tunnel 

tunnel 

under 

sous 

understand  (to) 

comprendre 

United  States 

Etats-Unis 

until 

jusqu'a 

up 

en  haut 

upon 

stir 

upstairs 

en  haut 

us 

nous 

varnish 

vernis 

viaduct 

viaduct 

valley 

vallee 

village 

village 

vineyard 

vigne 

vegetables 

legumes 

very 

tres 

wagon 

voiture,  or  fourgon 

wait  (to) 

attendre 

wait  a  moment 

attendez  un  peu 

I  shall  wait  for  you 

je  vous  attendrai 

wake  (to) 

reveiller 

walk  (to) 

marcher 

warm 

chaud 

warn  (to) 

avertir 

was   (I) 

j'etais 

he  was 

il  etait 

we  were 

nous  etions 

you  were 

vous  etiez 

they  were 

ils  etaient 

wash   (to) 

laver 

watch  (a  time-piece) 

montre 

watch  (to) 

surveiller 

[47] 


water 

waterproof 

we 

weak 

weather 

well  (a) 

well  (adverb) 

went  (I)   (see  also  go) 

wet 

wheat 

wheel 

when 

where 

which 

white 

whole 

who 

width 

wife 

I  will  (wish,  want) 

I  will  he 

I  will  go 
window 
wine 
wire 
wireless 
without 
wood  (a) 
wood   (some) 
wounded  (see  p.  30) 
write,  to 
wrong 
yes 

yellow 
you 
your 


eau 

impermeable 

nous 

faible 

temps 

puits 

bien 

je  suis  alle 

mouille 

ble 

roue 

quand 

ou  (oo) 

lacLuelle 

blanc 

tout  entier 

qui 

largeur 

femme 

je  veux 

je  serai 

j  'irai 
fenetre 
vin 
fil 

sans  fil 
sans 
un  bois 
du  bois 
blesse 
ecrire 
faux 

oui  (like  we) 
jaune 
vous 
votre,  or  vos 


[48] 


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^'5g?f 


MAR  2  3  1956  LU 


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REC'0  »-c" 


ynmr*"6 

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